Introduction to Sanguangou - Sanguan Pass :
Sanguankou Great Wall of China (三关口长城) is located in the Helan Mountains in Helan County (贺兰县) of Yinchuan City Prefecture in West Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. Its function is the blocking a minor pass along the ancient border between Ningxia and Inner Mongolia.
Location Coordinates: 38° 20' 49" North, 105° 49' 24" East .

In Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region there are five sections of The Great Wall of China. Taken from East to West, the first of these is Yanchi County Great Wall of China. The others are Shuidonggou (水洞沟) (Coordinates: 38° 16′ 43.09″ North, 106° 31′ 53.45″ East), Dawukou (Shizuishan) also known as Jiucai Gou (Coordinates:  39° 4′ 7.97″ North, 106° 21′ 14.52″ East), Sanguankou as one of the passes in the Helan Mountains (Coordinates: 38° 20′ 48.72″ North, 105° 49′ 23.74″ East) and Songwei or Zhongwei (Coordinates: 37° 31′ 8.21″ North, 105° 10′ 54.41″ East). After Zhongwei the Great Wall continues across the border into Gansu Province where the first option to visit is the Gantang Great Wall of China site.

The Sanguan Great Wall can be found due South-West of Yinchuan, intersecting with the Provincial Road S102, before heading southward parallel to the Yellow River extending from the southern foothills of Helan Shan. The Sanguankou Wall is fairly long, starting a short way north of a Provincial Road S102 to Inner-Mongolia Autonomous Region, and stretching from there far past the Qingtongxia Hydro-Electric Dam to becoming intraceable north-west of Ertang Village (Ertang Cun). Originally, the wall connected all the way through to Zhongwei and the Zhongwei Great Wall in the south-west of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.
(4) Sanguankou (三关口) Three Gates Pass - North Sections
This page was last updated: July 21, 2017
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The Great Wall of China at Sanguankou is located on the south end of Helan Mountains at only some 40 kilometers west of Yinchuan City. Its function is to guard a crucial lowlying pass leading from the Tengger Desert within Inner-Mongolia through the southern reaches of the Helan Mountains to the Fortress and city of  Yinchuan, for over a 1000 years the main city of the region.
The current Great Wall of China at Sanguankou was built in the years between 1520 A.D. and 1531 A.D. when it was completed. Its name Three Gates Pass (San Guan Kou) refers to the presence of three layers of the Great Wall inside the Sanguan Pass, which includes a fortress. As was recently (re-)discovered, the 3rd and outer layer of the wall has not disappeared but was made up by a deep ditch, some 4 meters deep and 4 meters wide. It can still be found inside what is locally known as the Hongjinggou, the outermost part of the Sanguankou where it passes between two low mountains.
During the Ming Era toll was collected at the three gates (San Guan) from trading caravans traversing between Chinese and Mongolian lands.

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M) Map of SanGuanKou Great Wall of China
1) Sanguangou Great Wall - General Introduction / Index
2) History of the Sanguangou Great Wall
3) Directions to Sanguangou Great Wall
4) Sanguankou North Sections
5) Sanguankou South Sections
S) Sanguangou Great Wall - Online Sources

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